Rental Bike Defect & City Liability Demand Letters

Bike share programs like Citi Bike, Bay Wheels, and Divvy provide convenient urban transportation but create injury risks from poorly maintained bikes and inadequate cycling infrastructure. Navigate product liability claims, municipal tort claims, and insurance challenges to recover compensation for bike share injuries.

Rental Bike Injury Claims Overview
Injury Cause Common Scenarios Potential Defendants
Brake failure Worn pads, cable stretch, hydraulic leak causes inability to stop Bike share operator, maintenance contractor
Handlebar/steering failure Loose stem bolt, detaching handlebars during ride Bike share operator, manufacturer
Pedal/crank failure Pedal threads strip, crank arm detaches mid-pedal stroke Manufacturer, maintenance contractor
E-bike motor/throttle issues Unexpected acceleration, motor cutout, battery fire E-bike manufacturer, bike share operator
Road/infrastructure defects Pothole in bike lane, debris, inadequate lane markings City/municipality, property owner
Docking station issues Bike releases unexpectedly, dock mechanism fails Bike share operator, station manufacturer

Why Bike Share Cases Are Complex

  • Multiple parties: operator, city sponsor, manufacturer, maintenance
  • Liability waivers in user agreements
  • Municipal immunity for city-sponsored programs
  • Short government tort claim deadlines
  • Bikes often repaired before evidence preserved

Common Bike Share Injuries

  • Head injuries from falls (especially without helmets)
  • Clavicle and shoulder fractures
  • Wrist and arm fractures from impact
  • Facial injuries and dental damage
  • Knee and lower leg injuries from pedal failures
Evidence Preservation Critical: Bike share operators quickly retrieve and repair reported bikes. Photograph the bike number, the specific defect, and overall condition immediately. Report the defect through the app to create a timestamp record. Send a formal preservation letter if pursuing a claim.
Documentation Requirements
Scene and Equipment Documentation

Bike Evidence

  • Bike number/ID (displayed prominently on frame)
  • Close-up photos of the specific defect
  • Video showing the malfunction if possible
  • Screenshot of rental confirmation from app
  • Report defect through app (creates timestamped record)
  • Note docking station location where bike was obtained

Road/Infrastructure Evidence

  • Photos of pothole, debris, or hazard
  • Measurements of defect depth/size
  • Bike lane condition and markings
  • Signage (or lack thereof)
  • 311 or city complaint records about location
  • Prior incident reports at same location
Medical Documentation
  • Emergency treatment: Document mechanism of injury (brake failure, handlebar detachment)
  • Imaging: X-rays, CT scans for fractures; MRI for soft tissue injuries
  • Specialist consultations: Orthopedic, neurological, maxillofacial if applicable
  • Treatment timeline: All follow-up care, physical therapy, surgical procedures
  • Prognosis: Future treatment needs, permanent limitations, disability ratings
Records to Request/Subpoena
  • Maintenance and inspection logs for the specific bike
  • Prior defect reports or complaints about bike number
  • General maintenance protocols and compliance records
  • Training records for maintenance staff
  • City permit conditions and safety requirements
  • Insurance policies for bike share operator
Immediate Preservation Letter: Send a preservation letter to the bike share operator within 24-48 hours. Demand they preserve the specific bike, all maintenance records, GPS data, and user complaint history. Bikes are often repaired or retired quickly.
Demand Letter Strategy
Choosing the Right Defendants
  • Bike defect only: Target bike share operator as primary defendant; add manufacturer if design defect
  • Road condition only: File government tort claim against city/county
  • Combined defect + road: Pursue both operator and city; joint and several liability
  • Third-party collision: Include at-fault driver; bike defect may be contributing cause
Key Demand Letter Elements
  1. Bike identification: Bike number, rental timestamp, docking station
  2. Defect description: Specific mechanical failure and how it caused the crash
  3. Liability theory: Product liability, negligent maintenance, dangerous condition
  4. Waiver challenge: Why waiver should not bar recovery (if applicable)
  5. Injury documentation: Medical treatment, diagnosis, prognosis
  6. Damages calculation: Economic and non-economic damages
  7. Demand amount: Specific figure with response deadline
Government Tort Claim vs. Private Demand
Aspect Government Tort Claim Private Operator Demand
Deadline 30-180 days (varies by jurisdiction) Statute of limitations (typically 2-3 years)
Format Specific form required; formal filing Demand letter format flexible
Response City must respond within statutory period No required response; negotiate or litigate
Damages cap Often capped (varies by jurisdiction) No statutory cap on private claims
Dual-Track Strategy: When both city infrastructure and bike defect contributed to injury, file the government tort claim first (short deadline) while simultaneously sending a preservation letter and demand to the bike share operator.
Sample Rental Bike Defect Demand Letter
[Date] Via Certified Mail and Email Claims Department Lyft, Inc. (Citi Bike/Bay Wheels) 185 Berry Street, Suite 5000 San Francisco, CA 94107 Re: Personal Injury Claim - Rental Bike Brake Failure Rider: [Client Name] Incident Date: [Date] Bike Number: [Bike ID] Docking Station: [Station Name/Location] Dear Claims Representative: This firm represents [Client Name] regarding serious injuries sustained on [Date] when a [Citi Bike/Bay Wheels/Divvy] rental bicycle experienced complete brake failure at [Location]. We write to demand compensation for medical expenses, lost wages, and pain and suffering resulting from your company's failure to maintain safe equipment. FACTS OF THE INCIDENT On [Date] at approximately [Time], our client rented bike #[ID] from the [Station Name] docking station using the [Citi Bike/Bay Wheels] mobile application. While traveling [direction] on [Street Name] at approximately [X] mph, our client approached an intersection and applied the front and rear hand brakes. Both brake levers compressed fully without engaging the brakes. The bike failed to slow despite repeated brake applications. Our client was unable to stop and struck [describe collision - parked car, curb, pedestrian, etc.], causing the injuries described below. Post-incident inspection revealed the front brake cable was frayed and the rear brake pads were worn beyond the wear indicator line. Both conditions should have been identified and corrected during routine maintenance inspections. LIABILITY ANALYSIS [Lyft/Operator Name] is liable under multiple theories: 1. STRICT PRODUCT LIABILITY: As a commercial lessor of goods, [Operator] is strictly liable for injuries caused by defective products under [State] law. The brake system's failure constitutes a product defect that rendered the bicycle unreasonably dangerous for its intended use. 2. NEGLIGENT MAINTENANCE: [Operator] had a duty to inspect and maintain rental bikes in safe operating condition. The worn brake pads and frayed cable indicate failure to conduct adequate maintenance inspections. This negligence directly caused our client's injuries. 3. BREACH OF IMPLIED WARRANTY: By offering bikes for public rental, [Operator] impliedly warranted they were fit for ordinary cycling use. A bike with non-functional brakes breaches this warranty. WAIVER INAPPLICABILITY The liability waiver in [Operator's] user agreement does not bar this claim because: - The waiver cannot cover strict product liability for manufacturing/maintenance defects - Gross negligence in maintaining safety-critical brake systems exceeds ordinary negligence - California law [or applicable state] disfavors enforcement of pre-injury waivers for essential equipment - The waiver was procedurally unconscionable (small text, no negotiation opportunity) INJURIES AND DAMAGES Our client sustained the following documented injuries: - [Fracture type - e.g., displaced clavicle fracture requiring ORIF surgery] - [Secondary injury - e.g., AC joint separation] - [Soft tissue injuries - e.g., significant road rash requiring wound care] - [Ongoing condition - e.g., restricted range of motion, chronic pain] Medical expenses to date total $[Amount], including emergency care, surgery, and physical therapy. Anticipated future treatment costs of $[Amount] include hardware removal and continued rehabilitation. Our client has been unable to work as a [Occupation] for [X] weeks, with lost wages of $[Amount]. EVIDENCE PRESERVATION DEMAND We demand you immediately preserve: - Bike #[ID], including current condition and any repairs made since incident - All maintenance and inspection records for bike #[ID] - Prior defect reports or user complaints about bike #[ID] - GPS and trip data for bike #[ID] on [incident date] - Maintenance protocols and staff training records - Insurance policies providing coverage for this incident DEMAND Based on documented injuries, clear evidence of equipment failure, and your company's negligent maintenance, we demand the total sum of $[Amount] to resolve all claims: - Past medical expenses: $[Amount] - Future medical expenses: $[Amount] - Lost wages: $[Amount] - Future earning capacity: $[Amount] - Pain, suffering, and permanent impairment: $[Amount] Please respond within thirty (30) days with your settlement position. If we cannot reach agreement, we will pursue litigation including discovery of your maintenance records, prior incident reports, and any pattern of similar brake failures. Sincerely, [Attorney Name] Attorney for [Client Name] [Law Firm] [Address] [Phone] [Email] Enclosures: - Medical records and billing statements - Incident photographs (bike, defect, scene) - Rental confirmation screenshot - App defect report screenshot
Yes. Reporting through the app creates a timestamped record of the defect before the bike is repaired. This documentation is valuable evidence. Take screenshots of your report and any response from the company.
File a government tort claim against the city in addition to pursuing the private operator. The city may have liability for negligent program design or oversight. Government tort claim deadlines are short, so file this first even while negotiating with the operator.
Attorney Services & Contact

Bike Share Injury Representation

I represent cyclists injured by defective rental bikes and dangerous road conditions. My practice handles claims against bike share operators like Lyft (Citi Bike, Bay Wheels), municipalities, and equipment manufacturers.

Email owner@terms.law or use Calendly for a paid strategy session.

Schedule strategy call

Services

  • Product liability claims against bike share operators
  • Government tort claims for road/infrastructure defects
  • Manufacturer defect claims for design or component failures
  • Waiver enforceability challenges
  • Maintenance record discovery and expert analysis

Engagement Notes

  • 📄 Demand letter: Flat fee $450
  • ⏱️ Extended negotiation: $240/hr
  • 📊 Contingency: 33-40% for strong claims