Overview: Contracts for Software Development Agencies

Running a software development agency in California requires a complete contract stack: client agreements, team agreements, and project management documents. This hub provides California-compliant templates and sample clauses for every stage of your dev agency workflow.

What's Included Master Services Agreements (MSA), Statements of Work (SOW), Independent Contractor Agreements, Employee IP Assignments, Change Orders, NDAs, and project closeout templates. Each includes California-specific provisions for Labor Code 2870, B&P 16600, and proper contractor classification.

Who This Is For

  • Dev Agencies: Software development LLCs/corps serving client companies
  • Freelancers Scaling Up: Solo devs hiring their first contractors
  • Tech Startups: Companies building internal dev teams
  • SaaS Companies: Product companies with contract developers

Dev Agency Workflow: 5 Contract Stages

Your contract needs follow the natural lifecycle of a software project. Click any stage for detailed templates, California law guidance, and copyable clause snippets.

1

Client Onboarding

NDAs for discovery calls, Master Services Agreements, retainer structures. Protect your agency before the first meeting.

View Templates →
2

Project Scoping

Statements of Work, milestone structures, acceptance criteria. Define scope clearly to prevent disputes.

View Templates →
3

Team Assembly

Contractor agreements, employee IP assignments, subcontractor flowdowns. Build your team with proper IP protection.

View Templates →
4

Change Management

Change orders, scope freeze clauses, contract amendments. Handle mid-project changes without disputes.

View Templates →
5

Project Closeout

Final acceptance, IP handoff, warranty terms, releases. Close projects cleanly with proper documentation.

View Templates →

Contract Generators

Interactive tools to generate custom contracts. Fill in your details, preview in real-time, download as Word documents.

Master Services Agreement

Framework agreement for ongoing client relationships. Covers payment terms, IP ownership, liability caps, termination.

Generate MSA

Statement of Work

Project-specific scope document. Deliverables, milestones, acceptance criteria, timeline.

Generate SOW

Independent Contractor Agreement

Hire contractors with proper IP assignment, classification language, and California compliance.

Generate Agreement

Employee IP Assignment

California Labor Code 2870 compliant invention assignment for employees.

Generate IP Agreement

Change Order

Document scope changes, cost adjustments, and timeline impacts mid-project.

Generate Change Order

Software Development NDA

Protect confidential information during discovery calls and project discussions.

Generate NDA

Contract Amendment

Modify existing agreements without full renegotiation.

Generate Amendment

Consulting Agreement

General consulting engagement template with hourly/fixed-fee options.

Generate Agreement

California Law Guide for Dev Agencies

California has unique laws that affect how you structure software development contracts. Here's what you need to know.

Labor Code 2870 - Employee Invention Rights

California employees retain rights to inventions created entirely on their own time, without company resources, unrelated to company business. Your IP assignment clauses MUST include this carve-out or they're unenforceable. This applies to employees, not independent contractors.

Business & Professions Code 16600 - Non-Competes Void

Non-compete agreements are void in California (with narrow exceptions). You cannot prevent contractors or employees from working for competitors. However, you CAN protect trade secrets with confidentiality agreements and restrict solicitation of your employees.

Dynamex ABC Test - Contractor Classification

California's ABC test presumes workers are employees unless: (A) free from control, (B) performing work outside usual course of business, and (C) engaged in an independent trade. Software developers working on your client projects may fail prong B. Structure carefully.

Key California Contract Rules

Topic California Rule Contract Impact
Work-for-Hire 17 USC 101: Software is NOT automatically WFH Must have explicit IP assignment clause
Non-Competes B&P 16600: Void (with exceptions) Remove from contractor agreements
Employee IP LC 2870: Personal project exception Must include statutory notice in IP clause
Contractor Classification ABC Test (Dynamex) Include classification recitals
Prejudgment Interest CC 3287/3289: 10% per annum Include in payment default clauses
Contract SOL CCP 337: 4 years (written) Dispute resolution timing matters
Settlement Releases CC 1542: Unknown claims preserved Must explicitly waive in releases
Warning: Out-of-State Choice of Law Even if your contract specifies Delaware or Texas law, California courts may still apply California employment and contractor laws to California-based workers. Don't assume choice of law clauses override LC 2870 or B&P 16600.

Frequently Asked Questions

Do I need both an MSA and SOW for each client?

Not always. For one-off projects, a standalone project agreement works. But for ongoing relationships with multiple projects, the MSA + SOW structure is more efficient: the MSA covers general terms (payment, IP, liability), and each SOW covers project-specific scope. This avoids renegotiating the same terms for every project.

Who owns the code - me or my client?

Whatever your contract says. Under federal copyright law, work created by independent contractors is NOT automatically work-for-hire (software doesn't qualify). Without explicit IP assignment, you own the code and the client has an implied license. Most clients expect to own the code, so include clear IP assignment language.

Can I use contractors for client projects in California?

Yes, but be careful. The ABC test's prong B requires contractors perform work "outside the usual course of the hiring entity's business." If you're a dev agency, having contractors do dev work may fail this test. Consider: (1) using employees, (2) hiring contractors for specialized skills outside your core offering, or (3) structuring contractors as true subcontractors with their own clients.

What's the difference between IP assignment and work-for-hire?

Work-for-hire means the hiring party is legally considered the author from the start. It only applies to employees or specific categories (not including software) for contractors. IP assignment is a transfer of ownership from creator to client. For software development, always use both: a work-for-hire statement (in case it applies) plus an explicit assignment (belt and suspenders).

Should I include a non-compete in my contractor agreements?

No, not in California. Non-competes are void under B&P 16600. Including one may make your whole agreement look unenforceable or signal you don't understand California law. Instead, use confidentiality provisions to protect trade secrets and consider non-solicitation of employees (though even these are limited in CA).

How do I handle scope creep without a signed change order?

Document everything in writing. Email the client describing the additional work and its cost before doing it. If you proceed without written approval, you may still recover under quantum meruit (reasonable value of services) if the client knew about and benefited from the work. But prevention is better: include a "no work without signed CO" clause in your SOW.

What should I do about pre-existing code I bring to projects?

Disclose it upfront in an exhibit to your agreement. List all libraries, frameworks, tools, and code snippets you'll use that you created before this engagement. Specify that you retain ownership but grant the client a license to use them as part of the deliverables. This prevents disputes later about what's "yours" vs. "theirs."

Do I need different contracts for employees vs. contractors?

Yes. Employee agreements need: (1) at-will employment language, (2) LC 2870 compliant invention assignment with statutory notice, (3) no non-compete. Contractor agreements need: (1) independent contractor classification recitals, (2) explicit IP assignment (not relying on work-for-hire), (3) scope and deliverables. Using the wrong form creates legal risk.