Workplace Harassment Discrimination Demand Letters
Before filing an EEOC or DFEH complaint or lawsuit, a well-drafted demand letter can:
- Prompt the employer to investigate and remediate the issue internally
- Secure a favorable settlement without the cost and delay of litigation
- Create a paper trail showing you complained (crucial for retaliation claims)
- Demonstrate good faith attempt to resolve the matter (courts and agencies favor parties who try to settle)
- Pressure the employer by highlighting legal exposure and potential damages
| Law | Protected Characteristics | Employer Size |
|---|---|---|
| Title VII (federal) | Race, color, religion, sex (including pregnancy, gender identity, sexual orientation), national origin | 15+ employees |
| ADA (federal) | Disability (physical or mental impairment substantially limiting major life activity) | 15+ employees |
| ADEA (federal) | Age (40 and older) | 20+ employees |
| California FEHA | All above plus: marital status, sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression, medical condition, genetic information, military/veteran status, political affiliation | 5+ employees (1+ for harassment) |
- Discrimination: Adverse employment action (termination, demotion, pay cut, denial of promotion) motivated by protected characteristic
- Harassment (hostile work environment): Severe or pervasive unwelcome conduct based on protected characteristic that creates abusive working conditions
- Retaliation: Adverse action taken because you complained about discrimination, filed an EEOC charge, participated in an investigation, or engaged in other protected activity
- Failure to accommodate: Employer refused reasonable accommodation for disability or religious practice
- Failure to prevent/remedy: Employer knew or should have known about harassment but failed to take corrective action
Retaliation claims have three elements:
- Protected activity: You complained about discrimination, filed an EEOC/DFEH charge, testified in an investigation, or opposed an unlawful practice
- Adverse action: Employer took materially adverse action (termination, demotion, discipline, transfer, reduced hours, hostile treatment)
- Causal connection: The adverse action occurred because of (or shortly after) your protected activity
Example: You report sexual harassment by your manager to HR on March 1. On March 15, you’re placed on a performance improvement plan and your bonus is canceled. This temporal proximity suggests retaliation.
| Type of Damages | Examples | Availability |
|---|---|---|
| Economic (back pay) | Lost wages, benefits, bonuses from termination/demotion | Always available |
| Front pay | Future lost earnings if reinstatement not feasible | Discretionary |
| Emotional distress | Anxiety, depression, humiliation, therapy costs | Title VII, FEHA (with medical evidence) |
| Punitive damages | Punish employer for malicious or reckless conduct | FEHA (employer 5+); not available under Title VII for public employers |
| Attorneys’ fees | Reasonable fees and costs if you prevail | Mandatory under Title VII and FEHA |
Document everything in real time. The stronger your evidence, the more likely the employer will settle.
| Category | What to Save |
|---|---|
| Harassing/discriminatory conduct | Emails, texts, voicemails with offensive content; dates, times, witnesses of verbal comments; photos/videos if applicable |
| Complaints to management/HR | Emails or written complaints; dates and notes of verbal complaints; HR case numbers; investigation outcomes |
| Adverse actions | Termination letter, PIP notices, negative performance reviews, demotion memos, schedule changes, pay stubs showing reduced pay |
| Comparator evidence | Evidence that similarly situated employees (different race/sex/age) were treated better (promoted, not disciplined, etc.) |
| Medical/therapy records | Doctor visits, therapy sessions, prescriptions for anxiety/depression caused by harassment |
| Performance evidence | Positive reviews, awards, sales numbers, emails praising your work—rebuts employer’s claimed “performance” reasons |
If you didn’t save documents, create a detailed timeline now from memory. Include:
- Date and time: Be as specific as possible
- Who was present: Names of witnesses
- What was said/done: Direct quotes if possible
- Your response: Did you object? Report it? To whom?
- Impact: How did it affect you (emotional distress, work performance, etc.)?
Example entry: “March 5, 2024, ~2:30 PM: During team meeting in Conference Room B, [Manager Name] said, ‘Maybe if you weren’t so emotional, you’d understand these numbers,’ while looking at me (only woman on team). [Coworker A] and [Coworker B] were present. I felt humiliated and left the meeting early. Reported to HR rep [Name] via email same day at 4:15 PM.”
If coworkers witnessed the harassment or discrimination, ask them to provide written statements. Key elements:
- Their name, title, and relationship to you
- Specific incidents they witnessed (dates, quotes, context)
- Their signature and date
Even if witnesses are afraid to go on record initially, document their names so your attorney can subpoena them later if necessary.
If you were terminated or demoted:
- Back pay: (Your prior salary) − (any mitigation earnings) × (months unemployed or at lower pay)
- Lost benefits: Health insurance premiums you had to pay, lost 401(k) matching, lost stock options/bonuses
- Front pay: Estimate future lost earnings until you find comparable employment (usually 1–3 years)
Example: You earned $80,000/year ($6,667/month) and were fired in January. By June (5 months later), you found a new job at $60,000/year ($5,000/month). Your back pay claim: ($6,667 − $0) × 5 months = $33,333. Your ongoing damages: ($6,667 − $5,000) × 12 months/year = $20,000/year front pay.
- Your employment: Position, dates, department, supervisor
- Protected characteristic: Race, sex, age, disability, etc.
- Discriminatory/harassing conduct: Detailed chronology with dates, witnesses, quotes
- Complaints to employer: When and to whom you reported; employer’s failure to remedy
- Adverse action: Termination, demotion, discipline (and timing relative to complaint)
- Legal violations: Cite Title VII, ADA, FEHA, retaliation statutes
- Damages: Economic losses, emotional distress, punitive damages
- Settlement demand: Specific dollar amount or range; deadline for response
- Consequence of refusal: You will file EEOC/DFEH charge and pursue litigation
Dear [Employer/HR Director]:
I am writing on behalf of [Employee Name] to demand resolution of unlawful retaliation claims arising from [his/her/their] employment at [Company]. [Employee] worked as a [job title] from [start date] until [termination date]. On [date], [Employee] reported to Human Resources that [he/she/they] was being subjected to sexual harassment by [Harasser Name]. Specifically, [Employee] complained that [Harasser] repeatedly made unwelcome sexual comments, including [specific examples], and created a hostile work environment in violation of Title VII and California FEHA.
Rather than investigate and remedy the harassment, [Company] terminated [Employee]’s employment on [date]—less than [X days/weeks] after [his/her/their] complaint. The stated reason for termination, “[performance issues/restructuring/etc.],” is pretextual. [Employee] had consistently received [positive performance reviews/met all targets/etc.] and there is no evidence of any legitimate performance deficiency. The temporal proximity between the harassment complaint and termination, combined with the lack of any prior discipline, establishes that [Employee] was fired in retaliation for engaging in protected activity.
Harassing Conduct:
- January 15, 2024: During morning meeting, [Supervisor] referred to [Employee] as “too old to understand social media” in front of entire marketing team. Witnesses: [Name A], [Name B].
- February 3, 2024: [Supervisor] told [Employee], “Maybe it’s time to retire and make room for younger blood.” Email sent same day to HR by [Employee] (attached as Exhibit A).
- February 20, 2024: [Employee] excluded from client pitch meeting and told by [Supervisor], “This client wants a fresh, young face.” [Employee] had handled this client for 5 years.
- March 1, 2024: [Employee] filed formal written complaint with HR alleging age discrimination (attached as Exhibit B).
- March 10, 2024: HR informed [Employee] that complaint was “unfounded” and no action would be taken.
- March 18, 2024: [Employee] terminated with vague reference to “restructuring.” No other employees in department were terminated.
Damages:
[Employee] has suffered substantial economic and emotional damages as a result of [Company]’s unlawful conduct:
- Back pay: [Employee] earned $[X]/year. As of today, [he/she/they] has been unemployed for [X months], resulting in lost wages of $[amount].
- Lost benefits: Health insurance ($[X]), 401(k) matching ($[X]), stock options ($[X]).
- Front pay: [Employee] will likely suffer ongoing wage loss until [he/she/they] secures comparable employment, estimated at $[X] per year for [2–3] years.
- Emotional distress: [Employee] has experienced severe anxiety, depression, and humiliation, requiring ongoing therapy (see attached medical records). [He/She/They] has been prescribed [medication] to manage symptoms.
- Punitive damages: [Company]’s conduct was willful, malicious, and in reckless disregard of [Employee]’s rights. Under California FEHA, [Employee] is entitled to punitive damages to deter future misconduct.
Total Demand: $[amount] (plus attorneys’ fees and costs if litigation is required).
[Employee] is willing to resolve this matter promptly and without the cost of litigation. However, if we do not receive a satisfactory settlement offer within 21 days of the date of this letter, [Employee] will file charges with the EEOC and DFEH and will pursue all available remedies, including reinstatement, back pay, front pay, emotional distress damages, punitive damages, and attorneys’ fees.
Please direct all settlement communications to me at [attorney email/phone]. We expect a substantive response by [specific date].
Sincerely,
[Attorney Name / Employee Name]
- General Counsel or Legal Department: Larger employers with in-house counsel
- HR Director or Chief Human Resources Officer: Mid-sized employers
- CEO or Owner: Small businesses
- Registered Agent: For formal legal notice
Send copies to multiple recipients if appropriate (e.g., both HR and General Counsel).
| Response | What It Means | Your Next Step |
|---|---|---|
| Settlement offer | Employer wants to resolve without litigation | Negotiate; ensure release is limited to this claim only |
| Request for more information | Employer is evaluating claim; may be stalling | Provide limited additional info; set deadline for offer |
| Denial or defense | Employer disputes facts or asserts legitimate business reason | File EEOC/DFEH charge and prepare for litigation |
| No response | Employer ignores demand | File EEOC/DFEH charge immediately |
- Start high: Demand 2–3× what you’d accept to leave room for negotiation
- Itemize damages: Break down economic losses, emotional distress, and punitive damages separately so employer can see your math
- Non-monetary terms: Consider requesting neutral reference, agreement not to contest unemployment, expungement of disciplinary records
- Tax treatment: Emotional distress and punitive damages are taxable; try to allocate more to tax-free back pay
- Confidentiality: Employer will likely request confidentiality; you can negotiate for higher payment in exchange for confidentiality clause
- Release scope: Ensure release is limited to this specific claim; don’t waive unrelated wage claims, worker’s comp, unemployment benefits, or future discrimination
- Overly broad releases: Waiving all claims “known and unknown” or releasing non-parties (affiliated companies, individual managers)
- Non-disparagement clauses: Prohibiting you from ever speaking about your experience (may violate NLRA if it chills protected activity)
- Admission of wrongdoing: Employer asks you to admit you were a poor performer or deserved termination
- Cooperation clauses: Requiring you to cooperate in defending employer against other employees’ claims
- Clawback provisions: Allowing employer to reclaim settlement if you violate confidentiality or disparagement terms
For Title VII, ADA, or ADEA claims, you must file an EEOC charge before suing in federal court.
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Deadline | 180 days from discriminatory act (300 days in “deferral states” with state agencies like DFEH) |
| How to File | Online at eeoc.gov, by phone, or in person at EEOC office |
| Process | EEOC investigates (employer responds, may conduct interviews); EEOC issues finding (cause/no cause) or right-to-sue letter |
| Right-to-Sue Letter | Allows you to file lawsuit in federal court; you have 90 days from receipt to sue |
| Cost | Free; no attorney required (but recommended) |
For California FEHA claims, file with the California Civil Rights Department (CRD, formerly DFEH).
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Deadline | 3 years from discriminatory act (as of January 1, 2020; previously 1 year) |
| How to File | Online at calcivilrights.ca.gov or in person |
| Immediate Right-to-Sue | You can request an immediate right-to-sue notice and file in court without waiting for CRD investigation |
| Advantages | Longer statute of limitations (3 years vs. 300 days for EEOC); can pursue in state court; no employer size minimum for harassment claims |
Once you have a right-to-sue letter (or in California, once you file a DFEH complaint), you can file in court.
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Venue | Federal court (Title VII, ADA, ADEA) or state superior court (FEHA) |
| Remedies | Reinstatement, back pay, front pay, compensatory damages (emotional distress), punitive damages (FEHA only, employer 5+), attorneys’ fees |
| Jury Trial | Available for compensatory and punitive damages (not for reinstatement or back pay) |
| Timeline | 12–24 months to trial; most settle during discovery or mediation |
| Costs | Most employment attorneys work on contingency (25–40% of recovery) because prevailing plaintiffs recover attorneys’ fees from employer |
| Claim | Deadline |
|---|---|
| EEOC charge (Title VII, ADA, ADEA) | 300 days from discriminatory act (in CA and other deferral states) |
| CRD complaint (FEHA) | 3 years from discriminatory act |
| Federal lawsuit after right-to-sue | 90 days from receipt of EEOC right-to-sue letter |
| California FEHA lawsuit | 1 year from CRD right-to-sue notice |
I represent employees in harassment, discrimination, and retaliation claims under Title VII, ADA, ADEA, and California FEHA. I handle cases from pre-litigation demand letters through jury trial, with a focus on maximizing recovery and holding employers accountable.
- Case evaluation: Review your facts and evidence to assess claim strength and potential damages
- Pre-litigation demand letters: Detailed demand with chronology, legal analysis, and damages calculation to prompt settlement
- EEOC/CRD representation: File charges, respond to employer defenses, advocate for cause finding
- Settlement negotiation: Secure maximum recovery without litigation
- Federal and state court litigation: File and prosecute discrimination, harassment, and retaliation claims through trial
- Multi-plaintiff actions: Coordinate claims when multiple employees experienced similar discrimination
- Thorough investigation: I gather all evidence (emails, witnesses, performance records, comparator data) to build the strongest possible case
- Strategic pre-litigation demands: I draft demands that highlight employer’s legal exposure and create settlement pressure before filing charges
- Dual-track filing: I file with both EEOC and CRD to preserve all claims and maximize leverage
- Aggressive discovery: If we litigate, I use depositions, subpoenas, and document requests to uncover smoking-gun evidence of discrimination or retaliation
- Fee-shifting leverage: I emphasize that prevailing plaintiffs recover attorneys’ fees—employers know they’ll pay my fees if they lose, which increases settlement value
Contact me for a free, confidential consultation. I’ll evaluate your claim, explain your options, and help you decide the best path forward.
Email: owner@terms.law