Debt Collector Harassment Demand Letters Fdcpa Rosenthal
If you’re being harassed by debt collectors—whether through incessant calls, threats, contact at work, or calls to family members—federal and California law give you powerful tools to fight back.
15 U.S.C. § 1692–1692p is the primary federal law regulating debt collection practices.
Who is covered:
- Third-party debt collectors: Collection agencies, debt buyers, and law firms collecting on behalf of others
- Consumer debts only: Personal, family, or household debts (credit cards, medical bills, auto loans, etc.)
- Original creditors generally excluded: Your original bank or hospital is typically not covered by the FDCPA (but see Rosenthal below for California)
Key FDCPA prohibitions on harassment (§ 1692d):
- Threatening violence or harm to person, property, or reputation
- Using obscene, profane, or abusive language
- Repeatedly calling with intent to annoy, abuse, or harass
- Calling without disclosing the caller’s identity
- Publishing your name on a “bad debt” list (except to credit bureaus)
- 7-calls-per-week safe harbor: No more than 7 calls per week about a specific debt creates a presumption of compliance; exceeding this creates a presumption of harassment
- Time restrictions: No calls before 8:00 AM or after 9:00 PM in the consumer’s local time zone
- “Unusual” times/places: Cannot contact you at times or places the collector knows or should know are inconvenient (e.g., at work if you’ve told them not to)
California Civil Code § 1788 et seq. provides even stronger protections than the FDCPA.
Key differences from FDCPA:
| Issue | FDCPA (Federal) | Rosenthal Act (California) |
|---|---|---|
| Who is covered | Third-party debt collectors only | Third-party collectors PLUS original creditors and servicers in many scenarios |
| Call times | Not before 8 AM, not after 9 PM | Same: not before 8 AM, not after 9 PM (§ 1788.11(d)) |
| Threats | Prohibited if false or not intended | Prohibited; also bars threats of criminal prosecution (§ 1788.10) |
| Workplace calls | Must stop if told employer prohibits it | Same (§ 1788.11(c)) |
| Damages | Up to $1,000 statutory + actual damages + attorney fees | Up to $1,000 statutory + actual damages + attorney fees (§ 1788.30) |
Both FDCPA and Rosenthal give you the right to demand that collectors:
- Stop calling you entirely (you can require mail-only communication)
- Stop calling you at work (if you tell them your employer prohibits it or it’s inconvenient)
- Stop contacting third parties (friends, family, coworkers) except for very limited “location information” purposes
- Stop using abusive language, threats, or deception
- Provide verification of the debt before continuing collection (covered in our debt validation page)
Not every annoying call is illegal harassment, but debt collectors routinely cross the line. Here’s how to identify prohibited conduct.
The Rule: Regulation F creates a 7-call-per-week safe harbor. Collectors who call you more than 7 times in a 7-day period about the same debt create a presumption of harassment.
- Every connection, including hang-ups, voicemails, and robo-calls
- Calls to your cell phone, home phone, or work number all count toward the 7-call limit
- The 7-day period is a rolling window, not calendar week
How to prove it:
- Check your call log and screenshot it
- Note the number, date, time, and duration of each call
- Save voicemails (record them or use transcription apps)
| Prohibited Conduct | Legal Standard | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Calls before 8 AM or after 9 PM | FDCPA § 1692c(a)(1); Rosenthal § 1788.11(d) | Collector calls at 7:30 AM or 10:00 PM = violation |
| Calls at work after being told not to | FDCPA § 1692c(a)(3); Rosenthal § 1788.11(c) | You say “My employer prohibits personal calls” and they keep calling your work = violation |
| Calls at other “inconvenient” times/places | FDCPA § 1692c(a)(1) | Calling during your night shift, while you’re hospitalized, etc., after you’ve told them it’s inconvenient |
The Rule: Collectors can contact third parties ONLY to obtain your contact information (“location information”), and only if they don’t already have it.
What they CANNOT do:
- Tell your family, friends, or coworkers about the debt
- Call the same third party more than once (unless the first contact was ineffective and they reasonably believe new information is available)
- Call your employer except to verify employment or obtain contact info
- Identify themselves as a debt collector to third parties
Prohibited threats under FDCPA § 1692d and § 1692e:
- Violence or harm: “I know where you live” or “You better watch your back”
- Arrest or criminal prosecution: “We’ll have you arrested” or “We’re filing criminal charges” (debt is a civil matter; you cannot be jailed for not paying a credit card)
- Seizure of property/garnishment not legally available: “We’re sending the sheriff to take your car” when they have no judgment or security interest
- Obscene or profane language: Cursing, sexual comments, racial slurs
- Reputation damage: “We’ll tell everyone you know you’re a deadbeat”
What IS allowed:
- Truthful statements about consequences: “If you don’t pay, we may file a lawsuit and obtain a judgment that could lead to wage garnishment” (if that’s actually their intent)
- Offering settlement or payment plans
- Requesting payment in a professional tone
FDCPA § 1692e and Rosenthal § 1788.13 prohibit false, deceptive, or misleading representations, including:
| Deceptive Practice | Example |
|---|---|
| False amount owed | “You owe $10,000” when the actual debt is $3,000 |
| False identity | Pretending to be law enforcement, a court official, or an attorney when they’re not |
| False urgency | “You have 24 hours or we sue” when no lawsuit is actually planned or pending |
| Fake documents | Sending a letter designed to look like a court summons when it’s just a collection letter |
| Credit reporting threats | “Pay or we’ll destroy your credit” when the account is already reported or outside the reporting period |
- ☐ Collector calls more than 7 times per week about the same debt
- ☐ Calls before 8:00 AM or after 9:00 PM
- ☐ Calls at work after I told them not to or that my employer prohibits it
- ☐ Called my family, friends, or coworkers and disclosed the debt
- ☐ Threatened arrest, jail, or criminal charges
- ☐ Used obscene, abusive, or profane language
- ☐ Threatened to seize property or garnish wages when they have no legal right to do so
- ☐ Called from different numbers to evade my blocks
- ☐ Refused to identify themselves or their company
- ☐ Threatened to harm my reputation or contact my employer to embarrass me
If you checked even ONE box, you likely have an FDCPA or Rosenthal violation. Proceed to Tab 3 to learn how to write a cease-and-desist letter and preserve your rights to sue.
A properly drafted cease-and-desist letter serves multiple purposes: it stops the harassment, creates a paper trail for a potential lawsuit, and clarifies your rights under the law.
Before writing your letter, collect evidence of the harassment:
- Call logs: Screenshot your phone’s call history showing the collector’s number(s), dates, times, and frequency
- Voicemails: Save or transcribe any threatening, abusive, or harassing voicemails
- Witness statements: If the collector called family/friends/coworkers, ask them to write down what was said
- Validation notice: If you received one, include the account number and creditor name from that notice
- Prior correspondence: Any previous letters to/from the collector
You have several options depending on your goals:
| Letter Type | When to Use | Effect |
|---|---|---|
| Cease All Communication | You want the collector to stop contacting you entirely | Collector must stop all contact except to confirm they received your letter or notify you of specific legal actions (lawsuit, etc.) |
| Cease Phone Calls (Mail Only) | You want documentation but not phone calls | Collector can only contact you by mail at the address you provide |
| Stop Workplace Contact | You want calls to stop at work but can receive calls at home | Collector must stop calling your workplace; can still call your home/cell |
| Harassment Complaint + Demand for Damages | Harassment has already occurred; you’re considering a lawsuit | Puts collector on notice of violations and preserves your right to sue; may prompt settlement offer |
Your harassment cease-and-desist letter should include:
- Your identifying information: Full name, address (the address where they should send written responses)
- Collector’s information: Company name, address, account/reference number if you have it
- Subject line: “Cease and Desist — FDCPA § 1692c(c)” or “Cease Harassment — Rosenthal Act § 1788.11”
- Statement of violations: Specific facts (dates, times, threats made, third-party contacts) showing how they violated the law
- Citation to law: Reference FDCPA and/or Rosenthal provisions they violated
- Clear directive: “Cease all phone communication” or “Cease all communication” or “Stop calling my workplace”
- Permitted contact: “You may contact me only by mail at [address]” (if you’re not doing a full cease-all)
- Reservation of rights: “I reserve all rights under the FDCPA and Rosenthal Act, including the right to sue for statutory damages, actual damages, and attorney fees.”
If you sent a cease-all-communication letter:
- Collector must stop all contact except to acknowledge receipt or notify you they’re suing
- If they contact you again (other than those exceptions), it’s an additional FDCPA violation
If you sent a workplace-only or phone-only cease letter:
- Collector must honor your specific restrictions
- They can still contact you via the method you permitted (e.g., mail)
If they violate your cease letter:
- Document the violation (screenshot the call, save the voicemail, etc.)
- This strengthens your case for statutory damages and attorney fees
- Consider consulting an attorney about filing suit
In addition to your cease-and-desist letter, you can report the harassment to regulators:
- Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB): Submit a complaint at consumerfinance.gov/complaint — the CFPB forwards complaints to companies and publishes anonymized data
- California Attorney General (for CA residents): File a complaint with the CA Attorney General’s Consumer Protection Division
- FTC: Report to ftc.gov/complaint (FTC doesn’t resolve individual disputes but uses complaints for enforcement actions)
- Creates an official record of the harassment
- May trigger a regulatory investigation if many consumers complain about the same collector
- Some collectors take complaints more seriously when regulators are involved
- Strengthens your case if you later sue
Below are templates for the most common scenarios. Customize them with your specific facts and send via certified mail.
Use this when harassment has already occurred and you’re considering legal action:
- Keep the certified mail receipt and a copy of the letter
- Monitor for any further contact and document it immediately
- If they violate the cease letter, consult an attorney — you now have strong grounds for a lawsuit with statutory damages and attorney fees
If a debt collector violates the FDCPA or Rosenthal Act despite your cease-and-desist letter—or if the harassment was severe—you have the right to sue and recover damages.
| Type of Damages | FDCPA (Federal) | Rosenthal (California) |
|---|---|---|
| Statutory Damages | Up to $1,000 per case (not per violation) | Up to $1,000 per case (Cal. Civ. Code § 1788.30) |
| Actual Damages | Proven harm: emotional distress, lost wages, medical bills, therapy costs | Same: emotional distress, economic losses |
| Attorney Fees & Costs | Reasonable attorney fees + court costs (15 U.S.C. § 1692k(a)(3)) | Reasonable attorney fees + costs (§ 1788.30(c)) |
| Class Actions | Lesser of $500,000 or 1% of collector’s net worth | Class actions permitted under Rosenthal |
- FDCPA: You must sue within 1 year of the violation (15 U.S.C. § 1692k(d))
- Rosenthal Act: Also 1 year from the violation (Cal. Civ. Code § 1788.30(f))
FDCPA Claims:
- Can be filed in federal district court (if you meet amount-in-controversy requirements, or as a federal question case)
- Can be filed in state court (most states allow FDCPA claims in state court)
- Venue: where you live, where the collector operates, or where the violation occurred
Rosenthal Claims (California):
- Filed in California Superior Court (state court)
- Can be combined with FDCPA claims in a single lawsuit
Step 1: Consult an FDCPA/Rosenthal Attorney
- Bring all documentation: call logs, letters, voicemails, witness statements
- Attorney evaluates strength of case and potential damages
- Most consumer attorneys offer consultations
Step 2: File Complaint
- Attorney drafts a complaint alleging specific FDCPA/Rosenthal violations
- Complaint filed in appropriate court and served on debt collector
Step 3: Collector’s Response
- Collector has 21-30 days to file an answer or motion to dismiss
- Most FDCPA cases settle before trial; collectors want to avoid attorney fee exposure
Step 4: Discovery (if case doesn’t settle immediately)
- Exchange of documents, interrogatories, depositions
- Collector must produce call records, scripts, training materials, etc.
Step 5: Settlement or Trial
- Most FDCPA cases settle for a combination of statutory damages, actual damages, and attorney fees
- Settlement often includes agreement to delete/correct credit reporting and cease collection
- If no settlement, case proceeds to trial before a judge or jury
Yes, for most cases. While you can technically sue pro se (without an attorney), FDCPA litigation has technical requirements and collectors will have experienced defense counsel. Additionally:
- FDCPA attorneys typically work on contingency or fee-shifting arrangements, so there’s no upfront cost
- An experienced attorney knows how to maximize your recovery and navigate procedural issues
- Collectors take cases more seriously when you have counsel
- Attorney fees are recoverable, so the collector pays your lawyer if you win
- National Association of Consumer Advocates (NACA): consumeradvocates.org — searchable directory of consumer rights attorneys
- Your state bar association: Referral services for consumer law specialists
- Legal aid organizations: For low-income consumers, many legal aid societies handle FDCPA cases
I represent consumers who have been subjected to illegal debt collection harassment. My practice focuses on holding debt collectors accountable under the FDCPA and California’s Rosenthal Act.
- Review your call logs, voicemails, and communications
- Identify all FDCPA and Rosenthal violations
- Assess potential damages and litigation value
- Develop a strategy: cease-and-desist, demand letter, or immediate lawsuit
- Draft cease-and-desist letters tailored to your situation
- File CFPB and California AG complaints on your behalf
- Send pre-litigation demand letters seeking damages
- Negotiate settlements before filing suit
- File lawsuits in federal or state court
- Pursue statutory damages, actual damages, and attorney fees
- Handle all discovery, motions, and trial preparation
- Negotiate favorable settlements that include debt forgiveness and credit repair
- Monitor compliance with cease-and-desist letters
- Respond to post-cease violations with immediate legal action
- Coordinate with credit reporting agencies to remove inaccurate data
- Defend against retaliatory lawsuits or collection attempts
- No upfront fees: Most FDCPA/Rosenthal cases handled on contingency—you pay nothing unless we win, and the collector pays attorney fees
- Proven results: Consistent track record of settlements and verdicts against major debt collectors
- Personalized attention: Direct access to me, not a paralegal or case manager
- Dual-jurisdiction expertise: Handle both federal FDCPA claims and California Rosenthal claims, maximizing your recovery
- Fast action: FDCPA statute of limitations is only 1 year—I move quickly to preserve your rights
Book a call to discuss your debt collector harassment case. I’ll review your documentation, explain your rights, and outline a clear path forward.
Contact: owner@terms.law