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Overview

California workers' compensation is a no-fault insurance system that provides benefits to employees injured in the course and scope of employment. When an insurance company denies your claim, you have the right to appeal to the Workers' Compensation Appeals Board (WCAB).

Key Protection: Under California Labor Code Section 3600, employees are entitled to workers' compensation benefits for injuries "arising out of and in the course of employment." You do NOT need to prove your employer was negligent.

Common reasons for workers' comp denial that can be appealed:

  • Compensability denial: Insurance claims injury is not work-related
  • Pre-existing condition: Insurance blames prior injury or condition
  • Medical treatment denial: Utilization Review denies needed treatment
  • Late reporting: Claim filed after deadline
  • Independent contractor: Employer claims you're not an employee
  • Permanent disability rating: Disagree with disability percentage
  • Termination of benefits: Insurance cuts off benefits prematurely
Critical Deadlines: You must report injuries to your employer within 30 days and file a claim (DWC-1) within 1 year of injury. For occupational disease, the 1-year period starts when you knew or should have known the condition was work-related.
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Evidence Checklist

Gather this evidence to support your workers' comp appeal:

Claim Form (DWC-1)

Your completed and filed workers' compensation claim form

Denial Letter

Written denial from insurance company stating reason for denial

Medical Records

All treatment records, including emergency room, primary treating physician, and specialists

Witness Statements

Statements from coworkers who witnessed the injury or conditions

Incident Report

Employer's accident report or documentation of your injury report

Job Description

Written job duties, physical requirements, and working conditions

Wage Information

Pay stubs, W-2s, or other proof of earnings before injury

QME/AME Reports

Medical-legal evaluations if already obtained

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Calculate Potential Benefits

Calculate the workers' compensation benefits at stake in your appeal:

Average Weekly Wage $1,200
TD Rate (2/3 of AWW) $800/week
Estimated TD Duration 16 weeks
Total TD Benefits $12,800
Estimated PD Rating 25%
PD Benefits (approx.) $45,000
Total Estimated Benefits $57,800+
Temporary Disability (TD) Benefits

Benefits while you're recovering and unable to work:

  • Rate: 2/3 of your average weekly wage
  • 2024 Maximum: $1,619.15 per week
  • 2024 Minimum: $242.86 per week
  • Duration: Up to 104 weeks within 5 years of injury
Permanent Disability (PD) Benefits

Benefits for lasting impairment after recovery:

  • Rating: Percentage based on medical evaluation and schedule
  • Weekly Rate: Varies by rating percentage
  • Number of Weeks: Based on rating (e.g., 25% = ~175 weeks)
  • Life Pension: For ratings 70% or higher
Medical Treatment

All reasonable and necessary medical care:

  • Coverage: All treatment related to work injury
  • No Copays: Worker pays nothing for approved treatment
  • Duration: For life of the injury if medically necessary
  • Includes: Doctors, surgery, physical therapy, medications, equipment
Supplemental Job Displacement Benefit

Voucher for retraining if you can't return to your job:

  • Eligibility: Permanent restrictions and employer doesn't offer modified work
  • Amount: Up to $6,000 voucher (injuries 2013-2019)
  • Amount: Up to $6,000 voucher (injuries 2020+)
  • Use: Education, training, skill enhancement, or job placement
Attorney Fees: Workers' comp attorneys typically work on contingency (10-15% of benefits recovered). If your case is complex, an attorney can significantly increase your recovery while you pay nothing upfront.
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Sample Language

Use this template language for your workers' comp dispute:

Letter Disputing Claim Denial
[Your Name] [Your Address] [City, State ZIP] [Phone Number] [Date] [Insurance Company Name] Claims Department [Address] Re: Dispute of Claim Denial Claim Number: [Claim Number] Injured Worker: [Your Name] Date of Injury: [Date] Employer: [Employer Name] Dear Claims Administrator: I am writing to dispute your denial of my workers' compensation claim dated [Denial Date]. The denial is incorrect, and I demand that you accept my claim and provide all benefits to which I am entitled under the California Labor Code. FACTS OF INJURY 1. On [Date of Injury], I was employed by [Employer] as a [Job Title]. 2. While performing my regular job duties, I sustained injury to my [Body Parts] when [Describe how injury occurred]. 3. I immediately reported this injury to my supervisor, [Name], on [Date]. 4. I have received medical treatment from [Doctor/Facility] for this injury. REASONS THE DENIAL IS INCORRECT Your denial letter stated: "[Quote exact reason for denial]" This denial is wrong because: [For "Not Industrial" Denial:] My injury arose out of and in the course of my employment as required by Labor Code Section 3600. At the time of injury, I was: - At my assigned work location - Performing my normal job duties - Acting within the scope of my employment My treating physician, Dr. [Name], has opined that my injury is industrially caused. [For Pre-Existing Condition Defense:] Even if I had a pre-existing condition, under the Hikida doctrine and Labor Code Section 4663, an employer takes an employee as they find them. Work activities need only be a contributing cause of the injury, not the sole cause. [For Late Reporting Defense:] Under Labor Code Section 5402, the statute of limitations is tolled because [explain circumstances - e.g., employer failed to provide DWC-1 form / injury developed gradually / etc.]. DEMAND I demand that you: 1. Accept my claim as compensable 2. Provide authorization for all recommended medical treatment 3. Pay temporary disability benefits from [Date] at the statutory rate 4. Provide a copy of all documents in your claims file If you do not accept my claim within 30 days, I will file an Application for Adjudication of Claim with the Workers' Compensation Appeals Board. Sincerely, [Your Signature] [Your Printed Name] cc: [Attorney, if represented] Division of Workers' Compensation [Employer HR]
Request for Independent Medical Review (IMR)
INDEPENDENT MEDICAL REVIEW APPLICATION (Per Labor Code Section 4610.5) TO: Administrative Director Division of Workers' Compensation P.O. Box 71010 Oakland, CA 94612 FROM: [Your Name] [Your Address] [Phone Number] [Email] CLAIM INFORMATION: Injured Worker: [Your Name] Claim Number: [Number] Insurance Company: [Name] Date of Injury: [Date] Body Parts: [List body parts] REQUEST FOR INDEPENDENT MEDICAL REVIEW I hereby request Independent Medical Review of the following Utilization Review denial: Date of UR Denial: [Date] Treatment Denied: [Describe treatment - e.g., "Lumbar MRI recommended by Dr. Smith"] Reason for Denial: [Quote from UR letter] GROUNDS FOR IMR The UR denial should be overturned because: 1. MEDICAL NECESSITY: My treating physician, [Name], has recommended this treatment because: [Explain medical reasons for treatment] The UR denial is based on [incorrect medical assumptions / failure to consider my specific condition / misapplication of the MTUS guidelines]. 2. SUPPORTING MEDICAL EVIDENCE: The following medical records support the need for this treatment: - [List relevant medical reports] - [Include dates and findings] 3. HARM FROM DENIAL: Without this treatment, I am unable to [describe impact - recover, work, function, etc.]. ATTACHMENTS: 1. Copy of UR Denial Letter 2. Doctor's Treatment Request (RFA) 3. Supporting Medical Records 4. [Any other relevant documents] I understand that the IMR decision is final and binding on the issue of medical necessity. Signed: _________________________ Date: _________________________ [Note: This form should be accompanied by the official DWC IMR Application Form]
WCAB Declaration of Readiness to Proceed
WORKERS' COMPENSATION APPEALS BOARD STATE OF CALIFORNIA Case No.: ADJ[Number] [Your Name], Applicant, vs. [Employer Name]; [Insurance Company], Defendants. DECLARATION OF READINESS TO PROCEED Applicant [Your Name] hereby declares that this matter is ready to proceed to hearing on the following issues: ISSUES TO BE DECIDED: [ ] Injury AOE/COE (Arising Out of Employment/Course of Employment) [ ] Parts of Body Injured [ ] Temporary Disability [ ] Permanent Disability [ ] Need for Medical Treatment [ ] Apportionment [ ] Other: _________________ TYPE OF HEARING REQUESTED: [ ] Mandatory Settlement Conference (MSC) [ ] Expedited Hearing (Labor Code 5502) [ ] Priority Conference [ ] Trial REASON FOR EXPEDITED HEARING (if applicable): [Explain urgent circumstances - e.g., medical treatment being withheld, TD not being paid] EFFORTS TO RESOLVE: I have made the following good faith efforts to resolve this case: 1. [Date] - Sent demand letter to claims administrator 2. [Date] - Attempted to discuss settlement 3. [Date] - Exchanged medical reports The matter cannot be resolved without a hearing because: [Explain - e.g., "Defendant disputes compensability" or "Parties cannot agree on PD rating"] I declare under penalty of perjury under the laws of the State of California that the foregoing is true and correct. Date: _____________ _________________________ [Your Signature] [Your Name], In Pro Per [Address] [Phone Number] [Email] PROOF OF SERVICE I served a copy of this document on all parties as follows: [Insurance Company/Defense Attorney Name and Address] Method: [U.S. Mail / Personal Service / Email] Date: _____________ _________________________ Signature

Next Steps

After receiving a workers' comp denial, follow these steps:

1. Get Your Medical Treatment

Even while disputing the denial:

  • Continue seeing your doctor for work injury
  • Your health insurance may cover treatment while claim is disputed
  • Medical providers can wait for workers' comp to pay if claim wins
  • Document all treatment and keep copies of records
2. File Application for Adjudication

Start the formal appeal process at the WCAB:

  • File Application for Adjudication of Claim with WCAB
  • Can file online through EAMS (Electronic Adjudication Management System)
  • Opens a case file and assigns an ADJ number
  • Must be filed within 1 year of injury (or 5 years to reopen)
3. Obtain Medical-Legal Evaluation

Get a QME or AME evaluation:

  • QME: Request panel from DWC Medical Unit if no attorney
  • AME: Agreed upon evaluator if both parties consent
  • Evaluator determines causation, treatment, and disability
  • Report is key evidence at trial
4. File Declaration of Readiness

Request a hearing before a Workers' Compensation Judge:

  • File when case is ready for conference or trial
  • WCAB will schedule Mandatory Settlement Conference (MSC)
  • If not settled at MSC, case goes to trial
  • Expedited hearings available for urgent issues
5. Consider Hiring an Attorney

Workers' comp attorneys can help with complex cases:

  • Contingency Fee: Typically 10-15% of benefits recovered
  • No Upfront Cost: Attorney gets paid only if you win
  • Higher Recovery: Studies show represented workers get higher benefits
  • Free Consultation: Most offer free case evaluation
Information and Assistance: The Division of Workers' Compensation has Information and Assistance Officers at every district office who can help injured workers understand their rights for free. Call 1-800-736-7401 for your local office.

Need Help With Your Workers' Comp Case?

Workers' compensation cases can be complex. A specialized attorney can maximize your benefits.