I hired a CPA who made a significant error on my 2023 business tax return. He failed to include Schedule K-1 income from a partnership I was part of, which resulted in the IRS assessing an additional $14,000 in taxes plus $2,800 in penalties and interest.
To establish professional malpractice against a CPA, you generally need to prove four elements: (1) a duty of care existed through the CPA-client relationship, (2) the CPA breached that duty by failing to meet the standard of care, (3) the breach caused your damages, and (4) you suffered actual financial harm. In my case, all four were clear because he had all the K-1 documents but failed to include them.
What complicated my situation was that the CPA engagement letter included a limitation of liability clause capping his exposure to the amount of fees I paid ($1,200). My attorney told me that these clauses are enforceable in many jurisdictions but may be void as unconscionable if the limitation is grossly disproportionate to the actual damages.
I ultimately resolved the matter by filing a complaint with the New Jersey State Board of Accountancy and simultaneously sending a demand letter threatening a malpractice suit. The CPA professional liability insurance carrier settled for $11,000, which covered most of my additional tax liability and penalties. If you are dealing with CPA malpractice, always check whether the CPA carries professional liability insurance.