AB5 for Sales & Commission Workers

Sales representatives and commission-based workers have some unique exemptions under California law, but the rules are nuanced. This guide explains when sales workers can be independent contractors versus employees.

The Outside Sales Exemption

Who Qualifies

The "outside sales" exemption applies when a worker:

  1. Is 18 years or older
  2. Spends more than 50% of working time away from employer's place of business
  3. Is engaged in selling tangible or intangible items or obtaining orders/contracts

Outside salespeople are exempt from overtime and minimum wage requirements.

Outside vs. Inside Sales

Factor Outside Sales Inside Sales
Location >50% away from office Primarily at office/desk
Activities In-person client meetings Phone, email, online
Overtime Exempt Non-exempt (usually)
Minimum Wage Exempt Required

Remote Work Complications

Working from home is NOT "outside sales." A salesperson who works from their home office making calls is an inside salesperson, not outside. "Outside" means physically visiting customers/prospects.

AB5 and Sales Contractors

When Can Sales Reps Be Contractors?

Even with the outside sales exemption (which affects overtime), AB5's ABC Test still determines employee vs. contractor status. Sales contractors may work if:

  1. Prong A: No control over how sales are made
  2. Prong B: Sales are NOT the company's usual business (rare - if you sell products, sales IS your business)
  3. Prong C: Salesperson has independent business, multiple clients

The Reality

Most sales contractor arrangements fail Prong B. If your company sells products or services, salespeople are doing your "usual course of business."

Commission Structures

For employee salespeople, California has specific commission rules:

Manufacturer's Reps / Sales Agents

Independent manufacturer's representatives may qualify as contractors if:

Best Practices

  1. Document Work Location: Track whether salespeople are truly "outside"
  2. Written Commission Plans: Required for all employee salespeople
  3. Evaluate Contractor Status: Apply ABC Test carefully
  4. Consider B2B: Sales agencies vs. individual reps