Pro-Contractor Edition

Independent Contractor Agreement Generator

Create a legally-sound agreement that protects YOUR rights as a freelancer. Unlike typical IC agreements that favor companies, this generator creates contracts that protect the contractor.

Understanding Your Rights as an Independent Contractor

As an independent contractor, you occupy a unique position in the business world. Unlike traditional employees, you're not subject to many of the employer-employee dynamics that can limit your negotiating power. You are a business providing services to another business, and that fundamental difference gives you significant leverage when it comes to contract terms.

Most independent contractor agreements you'll encounter are drafted by companies to protect their interests. They assign all intellectual property to the company, require you to indemnify them for nearly everything, limit their liability while exposing you to unlimited risk, and often include restrictive non-compete clauses. But here's the key insight: you don't have to accept these terms.

The Fundamental Truth

As an independent contractor, you are not an employee. You are a vendor, a business partner, a professional service provider. This status gives you the right to negotiate terms that work for both parties, not just the client.

Control Over Your Work

One of the defining characteristics of independent contractor status is control over how you perform your work. The IRS and courts look at this control element when determining worker classification, and it's also a key area where you can assert your rights contractually.

What Control Means in Practice

Watch Out

If a contract includes too many control provisions (specific work hours, required equipment, detailed supervision), it could jeopardize your independent contractor status. This matters for taxes and could expose both you and the client to misclassification liability.

Protecting Your Autonomy

Your contract should explicitly acknowledge your independent status and your control over the means and methods of performing the work. Consider including language like:

Recommended Language

"Contractor shall have full control over the manner and means of performing the Services, including the choice of place and time of work, the equipment and tools to be used, and the methods and processes to be employed. Client's interest is solely in the results achieved."

Rights to Pre-Existing Intellectual Property

This is one of the most overlooked areas in contractor agreements, and getting it wrong can cost you significantly. Many standard contracts include broad IP assignment clauses that could inadvertently transfer your pre-existing intellectual property to the client.

What Counts as Pre-Existing IP?

Without proper protections, a poorly drafted contract might give the client rights to tools and assets you've spent years developing. Even worse, it could prevent you from using these assets in future projects.

Best Practice

Always include a schedule or exhibit listing your pre-existing IP that you'll be using or incorporating into the project. Make clear that these items remain your property, with the client receiving only a limited license to use them as incorporated into the deliverables.

Payment Negotiation

Getting paid fairly and on time is fundamental to your business's survival. Yet many contractor agreements favor the client with long payment terms, subjective approval requirements, and no consequences for late payment. You can and should negotiate better terms.

Key Payment Terms to Negotiate

Element Client-Friendly Contractor-Friendly
Payment Terms Net 60 or Net 90 Net 15 or Due Upon Receipt
Deposit None required 25-50% upfront
Late Fees None specified 1.5% per month interest
Work Stoppage Not allowed After 14 days overdue
Kill Fee None 50% of remaining value

The Power of Deposits

Requiring an upfront deposit accomplishes several things: it demonstrates client commitment, reduces your financial risk, and establishes a professional relationship from the start. For project-based work, 50% upfront is reasonable and increasingly standard. For retainer arrangements, requiring the first month's payment before starting work is appropriate.

Contractual Freedom

As a business-to-business relationship, you have considerable freedom in negotiating contract terms. Unlike employment relationships governed by labor laws, independent contractor agreements are primarily governed by contract law, which gives both parties wide latitude to structure their arrangement.

Areas Where You Have Negotiating Room

Remember

Everything in a contract is negotiable until it's signed. Don't assume that because something is in the client's template, it must stay there. The worst they can say is no.

Key Contract Provisions

Scope of Work

A clearly defined scope of work is your primary defense against scope creep. The more specific you are about what's included (and what's not), the easier it is to manage expectations and charge for additional work.

Disclaimers and Warranties

Limit your warranties to what you can actually control and guarantee. Standard warranties include:

Disclaim implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for particular purpose. Never guarantee specific business results like revenue increases, rankings, or conversion rates.

Payment Terms

Beyond the basic payment structure, include provisions for:

Intellectual Property Rights

Consider using a licensing model instead of full assignment:

Termination Provisions

Protect yourself with balanced termination rights:

Confidentiality

Mutual confidentiality obligations are reasonable, but watch for overreach:

Arbitration and Dispute Resolution

Consider your options carefully:

Force Majeure

Protect yourself from liability for delays due to circumstances beyond your control:

Safeguarding Interests in Late Payment Scenarios

Late payment is one of the most common challenges freelancers face. Building protections into your contract from the start is far more effective than trying to collect after the fact.

Contractual Strategies to Encourage Timely Payment

1. Upfront Deposits: Require 25-50% before starting work. This reduces your exposure and demonstrates client commitment.

2. Milestone Payments: For longer projects, tie payments to specific milestones. Don't proceed to the next phase until the previous payment is received.

3. Automatic Interest: Include automatic interest charges (1-2% monthly) on overdue invoices. This creates an incentive to pay on time.

4. Work Stoppage Rights: Give yourself the explicit right to pause work if payment is significantly overdue (e.g., 14 days). Include language that deadlines are extended by the duration of any payment-related work stoppage.

5. IP Rights Retention: Make the transfer or licensing of IP contingent on full payment. Until you're paid, the client has no rights to use the work.

6. Collection Cost Recovery: Include a provision that the client pays reasonable collection costs, including attorney's fees, if you have to pursue payment.

Pro Tip

Consider offering a small discount (2-3%) for early payment. This can motivate clients to pay faster while still being worthwhile for you in terms of cash flow improvement.

Tailoring Agreements to Favor the Contractor

The generator tool in the next tab is specifically designed to create agreements that protect YOUR interests as a contractor. Here's what makes a pro-contractor agreement different:

IP Protection by Default

Instead of assigning all rights to the client, the default is licensing. You retain ownership and grant usage rights. This preserves your portfolio rights and the ability to reuse techniques and methods.

Payment Protections Built In

The agreement includes late payment interest, work stoppage rights, collection cost recovery, and kill fee provisions. These aren't afterthoughts; they're core terms.

Balanced Liability

Your liability is capped at fees paid, consequential damages are excluded, and indemnification is mutual. You're not taking on unlimited risk for limited compensation.

Contractor-Favorable Termination

You can terminate for non-payment. If the client terminates early without cause, they owe a kill fee. All work completed through termination is paid for.

Your Jurisdiction

Disputes are resolved in your state, under your state's law. You're not forced to travel across the country to pursue your rights.

Ready to Create Your Agreement?

Click the "Generator" tab above to create a customized pro-contractor agreement that incorporates all these protections. The live preview lets you see your document as you build it.

Your Information (Contractor)

Enter your details as the independent contractor providing services.

Pro-Contractor Agreement

This agreement is designed to protect YOU, the contractor. It includes late payment penalties, kill fees, IP protections, and work stoppage rights that typical company-drafted agreements omit.

Leave blank if operating under your personal name

Client Information

Enter the details of the company or individual hiring you.

Services & Scope

Define exactly what you will deliver. Clear boundaries prevent scope creep.

Scope Creep Protection

Any work beyond the defined scope will require a written change order and additional compensation at your stated rate.

Be specific about what IS and IS NOT included
e.g., "Maintenance after launch, additional revision rounds beyond 2, rush deliveries"
Your hourly rate for any work beyond the defined scope

Payment Terms

Set fair payment terms that protect your cash flow and ensure timely compensation.

Payment Protections Included

This agreement includes late payment penalties (1.5% monthly), work stoppage rights for overdue invoices, and kill fee protection.

Applied to any balance not paid by the due date

Intellectual Property & Work Product

Protect your intellectual property and retain valuable rights to your work.

IP Protection Default

By default, this agreement uses licensing (not assignment) so you retain ownership of your work and grant usage rights to the client.

e.g., proprietary frameworks, code libraries, design templates, methodologies

Contractor Protections

Limit your liability and protect yourself from unreasonable claims.

Why these matter: Without proper protections, you could be held liable for damages far exceeding what you were paid. These clauses are standard in professional services agreements.

Maximum amount you could be liable for under any claim

Term & Termination

Set fair termination terms that protect your right to payment for work completed.

Kill Fee Protection

If the client terminates early without cause, you're entitled to a kill fee to compensate for lost opportunity and reserved time.

Compensation if client terminates without cause before completion

Additional Clauses

Final provisions to complete your agreement.

Typically your state of residence - gives you home court advantage

Live Document Preview

Essential Contract Clauses for Independent Contractors

Understanding key contract clauses is crucial for protecting your interests. Below, we break down each important clause with examples of contractor-friendly versus problematic language you might encounter.

Why It Matters: A vague scope of work is the primary cause of scope creep, unpaid extra work, and client disputes. Clear boundaries protect your time and ensure fair compensation.

Problematic Language
"Contractor will provide design services as needed by Client, including all revisions until Client is fully satisfied with the final deliverables."
Contractor-Friendly Language
"Contractor will design one (1) homepage and five (5) interior page templates, delivered as responsive HTML/CSS files. The scope includes two (2) rounds of revisions based on written feedback. Additional revisions or pages will be billed at Contractor's standard rate of $150/hour. The following are expressly excluded from this scope: backend development, content writing, SEO optimization, and ongoing maintenance."

Key Elements to Include:

  • Specific, quantifiable deliverables
  • Defined number of revision rounds
  • Rate for out-of-scope work
  • Explicit list of excluded items
  • Process for scope change requests

Why It Matters: Getting paid on time is fundamental to running your business. Strong payment terms create incentives for prompt payment and protect you when clients are slow.

Problematic Language
"Payment will be made within 60 days of Client's approval of final deliverables. Client reserves the right to withhold payment if deliverables do not meet Client's standards."
Contractor-Friendly Language
"A non-refundable deposit of 50% is due before work commences. The remaining balance is due within fifteen (15) days of invoice date, without regard to any subsequent revisions or approvals. Late payments shall accrue interest at 1.5% per month (18% annually). If payment is more than fourteen (14) days overdue, Contractor may suspend all work until payment is received, and project deadlines shall be extended accordingly. Client shall be responsible for all collection costs, including reasonable attorney's fees."

Key Elements to Include:

  • Upfront deposit requirement (25-50%)
  • Clear payment timeline (Net 15 or Net 30)
  • Automatic late payment interest
  • Work stoppage rights for overdue payments
  • Collection cost recovery
  • Objective payment triggers (not subjective approval)

Why It Matters: Your intellectual property is your most valuable business asset. Broad IP assignments can strip you of work you've created, including pre-existing tools and methodologies.

Problematic Language
"All work product, including all intellectual property rights therein, shall be the sole and exclusive property of Client. This includes any ideas, concepts, techniques, or know-how developed during the engagement. Contractor hereby irrevocably assigns all rights to Client and waives any moral rights."
Contractor-Friendly Language
"Contractor retains ownership of all work product created under this Agreement. Upon receipt of full payment, Contractor grants Client an exclusive, perpetual, worldwide license to use, reproduce, modify, and display the work product for Client's business purposes. Contractor retains the right to display the work in portfolio materials and case studies, and to reuse general techniques, concepts, and non-confidential elements in future projects. Pre-existing intellectual property, including [specific frameworks/tools], remains Contractor's sole property, with Client receiving only a limited license to use such materials as incorporated into the deliverables."

Key Elements to Include:

  • License vs. assignment (prefer licensing)
  • Rights contingent on full payment
  • Portfolio and case study rights retained
  • Pre-existing IP schedule/carveout
  • Right to reuse non-confidential techniques

Why It Matters: Without liability limits, you could be sued for damages far exceeding what you were paid. A $5,000 project shouldn't expose you to a $500,000 lawsuit.

Problematic Language
"Contractor shall be liable for all damages arising from Contractor's services, including any lost profits, business interruption, or third-party claims. Contractor agrees to indemnify and hold harmless Client from any and all claims, damages, and expenses."
Contractor-Friendly Language
"CONTRACTOR'S TOTAL LIABILITY UNDER THIS AGREEMENT SHALL NOT EXCEED THE TOTAL FEES PAID BY CLIENT UNDER THIS AGREEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL CONTRACTOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOST PROFITS, LOST DATA, OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, REGARDLESS OF THE CAUSE OF ACTION OR WHETHER CONTRACTOR HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. This limitation applies to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law."

Key Elements to Include:

  • Liability cap at fees paid
  • Exclusion of consequential damages
  • Exclusion of indirect/special damages
  • Exclusion of lost profits
  • All caps language for emphasis

Why It Matters: Indemnification clauses can make you responsible for defending the client against third-party claims - even claims that aren't your fault. These can be financially devastating.

Problematic Language
"Contractor shall indemnify, defend, and hold harmless Client from any and all claims, damages, liabilities, costs, and expenses arising from or related to Contractor's services, including any third-party intellectual property claims."
Contractor-Friendly Language
"Each party shall indemnify and hold harmless the other from claims arising from: (a) the indemnifying party's gross negligence or willful misconduct; (b) the indemnifying party's material breach of this Agreement; or (c) third-party claims arising directly from the indemnifying party's actions. Any indemnification obligation shall be subject to the liability cap in Section [X]. The indemnifying party shall have the right to control the defense of any claim for which indemnification is sought."

Key Elements to Include:

  • Mutual indemnification (applies to both parties)
  • Limited to gross negligence or willful misconduct
  • Subject to the liability cap
  • Right to control your own defense
  • Exclude client-caused issues (e.g., their content, their instructions)

Why It Matters: When clients can terminate without penalty, you bear all the risk of turning down other work and clearing your calendar. Kill fees compensate for this opportunity cost.

Problematic Language
"Client may terminate this Agreement at any time, for any reason, without penalty. Upon termination, Contractor shall deliver all work completed to date and shall not be entitled to any additional compensation."
Contractor-Friendly Language
"Either party may terminate this Agreement upon thirty (30) days' written notice. Contractor may terminate immediately if payment is more than thirty (30) days overdue. If Client terminates without cause prior to completion, Client shall pay: (a) all fees for work completed through the termination date; plus (b) a termination fee equal to 50% of the remaining unpaid contract value. Upon termination by either party, Contractor shall be paid for all work completed within fifteen (15) days. No license to use work product shall be granted until all amounts are paid in full."

Key Elements to Include:

  • Notice period for both parties
  • Your right to terminate for non-payment
  • Kill fee for early client termination
  • Payment for work completed through termination
  • IP rights contingent on final payment

Why It Matters: Overly broad non-compete clauses can prevent you from working in your field entirely. As an independent contractor, you should generally not agree to non-competes.

Problematic Language
"For a period of two (2) years following termination, Contractor shall not provide similar services to any of Client's competitors, nor solicit any of Client's customers or employees. 'Competitor' includes any entity operating in the same industry as Client."
Contractor-Friendly Language
"Nothing in this Agreement shall restrict Contractor from providing services to any other clients, including clients that may be considered competitors of Client. During the term of this Agreement and for six (6) months thereafter, Contractor agrees not to directly solicit for employment any employee of Client with whom Contractor had direct, material contact during the engagement."

Key Elements:

  • No non-compete clause (as an IC, you're a business)
  • If non-solicitation, limit it narrowly
  • Short duration (6 months max)
  • Limited to employees you directly worked with
  • Consider requesting additional compensation for any restrictions

Why It Matters: Confidentiality is reasonable, but perpetual, one-sided obligations can be problematic. Ensure your information is protected too, and that there's a reasonable time limit.

Problematic Language
"Contractor shall keep confidential all information relating to Client's business, including any information that could reasonably be considered confidential, in perpetuity. Contractor may not disclose that they performed services for Client without written consent."
Contractor-Friendly Language
"Each party agrees to maintain in confidence information designated as confidential by the disclosing party. Confidential Information excludes information that: (a) is publicly available; (b) was known prior to disclosure; (c) is independently developed; or (d) is required to be disclosed by law. These obligations shall survive for three (3) years following termination. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Contractor may identify Client as a client in marketing materials and may display non-confidential work in portfolio materials."

Key Elements:

  • Mutual obligations (protects your info too)
  • Clear definition of what's confidential
  • Standard exceptions (public info, prior knowledge)
  • Time limit (3-5 years, not perpetual)
  • Carveout for portfolio/marketing use

Why It Matters: If a dispute arises, you don't want to have to travel across the country (or world) to pursue your rights. Keep jurisdiction in your home state.

Problematic Language
"This Agreement shall be governed by the laws of Delaware. Any disputes shall be resolved exclusively in the state and federal courts located in Wilmington, Delaware, and Contractor consents to personal jurisdiction in such courts."
Contractor-Friendly Language
"This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of [YOUR STATE], without regard to conflict of laws principles. Any dispute arising under this Agreement shall first be submitted to non-binding mediation. If mediation is unsuccessful within sixty (60) days, either party may pursue litigation exclusively in the state and federal courts located in [YOUR COUNTY, YOUR STATE]."

Key Elements:

  • Your state's law governs the contract
  • Disputes resolved in your jurisdiction
  • Consider mediation-first approach
  • Exclude conflict of laws (prevents choice of law disputes)
  • Attorney's fees to prevailing party

Negotiating Better Contract Terms

Many contractors accept unfavorable terms because they don't know they can negotiate, or they're afraid of losing the client. Here are proven strategies for securing better terms while maintaining good client relationships.

1 Start with Your Own Contract

The single most effective negotiation strategy is to be the one who provides the contract. When you present your own terms, those become the baseline for discussion, and any changes are deviations from YOUR terms, not theirs.

"I've prepared a standard agreement that covers the terms we discussed. I'll send it over for your review."

If the client insists on using their contract, you're now negotiating from a weaker position - but you still have leverage. The key is to treat their contract as a starting point, not a final document.

2 Frame Changes as Industry Standard

When requesting changes, position them as normal, expected, and professional. Clients are more receptive to "industry standard" terms than special requests.

"These liability protections are standard in professional service agreements. I carry E&O insurance specifically for this, but my policy requires these contract provisions."
"Net 30 with late fees is standard for professional services. I've found it helps maintain predictable cash flow for both of us."

3 Pick Your Battles

Not every clause needs to be perfect. Focus your negotiation energy on the issues that matter most:

  • Payment terms - Getting paid is non-negotiable
  • Liability caps - Unlimited liability is a deal-breaker
  • IP rights - Protect your pre-existing work and portfolio rights
  • Scope - Clear boundaries prevent disputes

You can be more flexible on items like confidentiality duration, non-solicitation, or notice periods if the core protections are in place.

4 Use Specific, Written Requests

Instead of saying "I have concerns about this section," provide specific alternative language. This makes it easy for the client (and their legal team) to evaluate and accept your changes.

Instead of: "The indemnification clause is too broad."

Try: "I'd like to modify Section 7 as follows: [paste your revised language]. This makes the indemnification mutual and caps it at fees paid, which is more balanced for both parties."

5 Know Your Walk-Away Point

Before any negotiation, decide what terms are absolute requirements versus nice-to-haves. Some things worth walking away over:

  • Unlimited personal liability
  • Full IP assignment with no portfolio rights
  • Payment contingent solely on subjective client approval
  • Broad non-compete that would affect your business
  • Jurisdiction that would be impractical to litigate in

Having a clear walk-away point gives you confidence in negotiation. The client needs you too - that's why they're hiring you.

6 Use the "My Lawyer/Accountant" Approach

Blaming a third party can make difficult asks easier. It depersonalizes the request and implies that the issue isn't about trust or the relationship.

"My accountant requires that I maintain ownership of my pre-existing code libraries, with a license granted to clients. It's a tax and liability thing."
"My lawyer reviewed this and flagged the indemnification clause as something we'd need to modify. Here's the language she suggested..."

7 Offer Something in Exchange

Negotiations work best when both parties feel they've gained something. When asking for a significant change, consider what you can offer in return.

"I understand you'd prefer a full IP assignment. I can do that if we increase the project fee by 15% to account for the additional rights transfer - that's my standard assignment premium."
"I can agree to a shorter payment window if we include a 50% deposit upfront. That way my cash flow is protected and you get faster payment terms overall."

8 Be Professional and Specific

Successful negotiation is professional, not adversarial. Keep emails concise, specific, and solution-oriented. Avoid:

  • Emotional language or ultimatums
  • Vague objections without proposed solutions
  • Negotiating every single clause
  • Being defensive or apologetic

Instead, approach it as two professionals working out fair terms for a business relationship. Most clients respect contractors who are professional about their contract terms - it signals competence.

9 Document Everything

Keep a paper trail of all contract negotiations. If discussions happen verbally, follow up with an email summarizing what was agreed. This protects both parties and prevents "I thought we agreed to..." disputes later.

"To summarize our call: we agreed to modify the payment terms to Net 15, add a kill fee of 50% for early termination, and change the IP clause to licensing rather than assignment. I'll send over the revised contract reflecting these changes."

10 Time Your Negotiation Right

Your leverage is highest before you start work and before signing. Once you've started or signed, your negotiating position weakens significantly. That said:

  • Best time: Before signing, ideally before starting work
  • Good time: At renewal/extension discussions
  • Difficult time: Mid-project (but not impossible for future phases)
  • Worst time: After a dispute has started

Don't rush to sign just to start work. Take the time to get terms right upfront - it's much harder to fix later.

Remember: You Have Leverage

The client wants to work with YOU. They've already decided you're the right person for the job. Reasonable negotiation of standard terms rarely costs you the engagement - and clients often respect contractors more for being professional about business terms.

Contract Red Flags Checklist

Use this interactive checklist to evaluate contracts you're considering. Check any red flags present in the contract you're reviewing. The more boxes checked, the more carefully you should negotiate before signing.

Your Contract Risk Score

0

No red flags identified. This contract appears contractor-friendly.

What to Do with Red Flags

1-3 red flags: Standard negotiation points. Most of these can be resolved with a professional email requesting changes. Use the Key Clauses tab for suggested alternative language.

4-6 red flags: Significant concerns. This contract needs substantial revision before signing. Consider whether this client will be worth the effort to negotiate, and be prepared to walk away.

7+ red flags: Major warning sign. This contract is significantly tilted against you. Either this requires a complete rewrite, or this may not be the right client. Consider sending your own contract instead.